在本研究中,我们提出了一种基于电子结构描述符的框架,旨在将单原子电子性质与ZnO支撑的单原子催化剂(SACs)上的芬顿类反应活性联系起来。首先,引入了两个电子描述符——d带中心和功函数,用于定量表征单原子位点与ZnO支撑体之间的电子金属-支撑体相互作用,从而实现了基于描述符的候选SACs筛选。其次,通过评估一系列ZnO基SACs对双酚A的降解能力,对其芬顿类反应活性进行了测定,结果证实Co-ZnO是优异的PMS活化剂,从而建立了结构-活性关系。此外,通过整合实验分析与理论计算,在原子尺度上揭示了Co-ZnO上PMS的活化机理。最后,在连续流反应器中评估了Co-ZnO的优异催化稳定性。这些发现揭示了金属-载体电子相互作用如何主导单原子位点上的PMS活化过程,为理性设计高性能芬顿类催化剂提供了基于机理的理论框架。

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic illustration of descriptor-based activity prediction and pollutant degradation verification. (b) d-band center and (c) work function of ZnO and ZnO-based SACs calculated by DFT.
Fig. 2. (a) Schematic diagram of the synthesis of Co-ZnO. (b) SEM and (c) HRTEM images of Co-ZnO. (d) XRD patterns of ZnO and Co-ZnO. (e) HAADF-STEM elemental mappings of Co-ZnO. (f) HAADF-STEM image of Co-ZnO (single atoms are marked by red circles). (g) Corresponding intensity profile along the yellow rectangle region in (f).
Fig. 3. (a) Co 2p XPS spectra of Co-ZnO. (b) XANES and (c) FT-EXAFS spectra of different samples. (d) WT-EXAFS contour plot of Co-ZnO.
Fig. 4. (a) BPA degradation in different systems. Correlation between BPA degradation rate constants and (b) d-band center and (c) work function. EPR spectra of (d) •OH/SO4•−, and (e) 1O2. (f) Raman spectra of Co-ZnO/PMS, Co-ZnO and PMS systems. (g) Steady-state concentrations of different ROS in Co-ZnO/PMS system. (h) BPA degradation in Co-ZnO/PMS system with different scavengers, and (i) corresponding kinetic constants. Reaction conditions: [Catal.]0 = 0.2 g L−1, [PMS]0 = 1.0 mM, [pH]0 = 5.8, [BPA]0 = 10 mg L−1. [MeOH] = [TBA] = 100 mM, [FFA] = [DMSO] = [L-histidine] = [pBQ] = [KSCN]0 = 10 mM.
Fig. 5. (a) Electrostatic potential distribution, and (b) highest occupied molecular orbital of BPA. (c) Three types of oxygen atoms in PMS molecule. (d) PMS adsorption energies at three different oxygen sites by Co-ZnO and corresponding Bader charge analysis. (e) Free energy changes and (f) corresponding molecular structures in PMS activation by Co-ZnO.要将单原子催化剂转化为实用的先进氧化技术,理性设计原则至关重要。本研究证明,通过电子结构工程,可制备出具有高效芬顿类活性的ZnO载体单原子钴催化剂(Co-ZnO),用于快速去除水中的新兴有机污染物。基于金属-载体电子相互作用(EMSI)的概念,本研究提出将d带中心(εd)和工作函数(Φ)作为关键预测描述符,用以关联ZnO基单原子催化剂(SACs)的电子性质与其芬顿类反应活性,从而指导识别Co-ZnO作为PMS的高效活化剂。Co-ZnO/PMS体系展现出宽pH适用性、对常见无机阴离子的耐受性,以及在连续流操作中的稳定性能。除具体的ZnO负载型SACs体系外,本研究还提供了一个描述符引导的框架,将原子构型、电子结构和催化活性联系起来,为推进芬顿类过程和实现高效废水处理提供了可推广的原则。
Hongtao Wang, Feng Tao, Yuhan Li, Tianyin Chen, Hang Ren, Tengfei Ren, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Electronic-structure engineering of ZnO-supported single-atom catalysts for enhanced Fenton-like degradation of emerging contaminants, Applied Catalysis B: Environment and Energy, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2026.126932
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