当前位置:首页>太原>太原科技大学等团队《IJSS》:基于直接FE²方法的非均质材料与结构中耦合热-电-结构行为的多尺度建模与分析

太原科技大学等团队《IJSS》:基于直接FE²方法的非均质材料与结构中耦合热-电-结构行为的多尺度建模与分析

  • 2026-08-29 13:52:57
太原科技大学等团队《IJSS》:基于直接FE²方法的非均质材料与结构中耦合热-电-结构行为的多尺度建模与分析

1.内容摘要

热-电-结构耦合效应是影响电气设备性能与可靠性的关键因素。随着耦合物理场数量的增加,计算复杂度呈非线性增长,现有方法难以实现三场耦合的并发多尺度建模,严重制约了复杂工况下多尺度电气设备的优化设计。该文提出了一种耦合热-电-结构直接有限元平方(D-FE²)方法,用于在非均质材料和结构中进行全耦合多物理场的并发多尺度计算。数值结果表明,该方法不仅能精确捕捉三维非均质材料在不同温度场(稳态与瞬态)和电激励(直流与交流)下的焦耳热诱导热膨胀现象,而且与传统直接数值模拟(DNS)方法相比,内在计算工作量减少了91%以上,实际资源消耗节省了95%以上。该研究为大型电气设备中复杂耦合多物理场系统的并发多尺度建模与优化提供了一种突破性解决方案。

2.核心图示

1热-电-结构 D-FE²多尺度计算框架

2DNS模型与 D-FE²模型预测的点(a)C和点(b)N处的电势、温度与位移变化趋势

3DNS模型与 D-FE²模型预测的(a)电流密度、(b)电势、(c)温度与(d)位移分布云图

4计算效率对比柱状图

3.主要结论

    • 方法创新性成功将D-FE²方法从单/两场耦合扩展至热-电-结构全耦合分析,通过推导广义Hill-Mandel条件并构建基于MPC的周期性边界条件,实现了宏观-介观尺度的能量一致与变量传递。

    • 高精度验证在与DNS方法的对比中,D-FE²方法预测的电势、温度和位移场最大相对误差分别低于1.4%、7.5%和7.0%,证明了其在处理稳态/瞬态温度场及DC/AC激励下焦耳热效应时的可靠性。

    • 颠覆性计算效率与DNS相比,D-FE²方法的内在计算工作量(TCT)减少了91%以上,实际计算资源消耗(CPU小时数)节省了95%以上,其优势在大规模模型中更为显著。

    • 物理现象洞察成功模拟并揭示了多种物理现象,如电流密度在基体狭窄区域的集中、电势在高温区梯度增大、多孔结构中的热集中效应,以及AC激励下热响应的周期性波动与峰值延迟。

    • 工程应用潜力为航空航天、汽车等领域中先进非均质材料(如复合材料、多孔金属)在多物理场耦合工况下的性能分析、优化设计提供了一个高效、精确且易于在商业软件中实现的多尺度建模框架。

    引用格式:

    Meng L, Qiu J, Li P, Zhang H, Liu Z. Multiscale modeling and analysis of coupled thermo-electro-structural behavior in heterogeneous materials and structures with direct FE² method[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2026, 331: 113895.

    原文链接:

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020768326000673

    【免责声明】本文中的部分图片和文字信息来自该文献,版权归原作者所有。本文内容旨在传播学术研究信息,仅供参考与学习交流之用。本文中所有插图、图表及封面图片均来源于上述提及的原始研究论文。我们对文章内容的准确性、完整性或时效性不作任何明示或默示的保证,任何与原文内容存在的差异,均应以原始论文为准。
    欢迎各位读者投稿!
    邮箱jisuanlixueqianyan@yeah.net

    最新文章

    随机文章

    基本 文件 流程 错误 SQL 调试
    1. 请求信息 : 2026-08-30 16:51:29 HTTP/2.0 GET : https://h.460.net.cn/a/477545.html
    2. 运行时间 : 0.056450s [ 吞吐率:17.71req/s ] 内存消耗:4,471.56kb 文件加载:140
    3. 缓存信息 : 0 reads,0 writes
    4. 会话信息 : SESSION_ID=a9cb8fb4d0fb70570309be674e9afb84
    1. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/public/index.php ( 0.79 KB )
    2. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/autoload.php ( 0.17 KB )
    3. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/composer/autoload_real.php ( 2.49 KB )
    4. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/composer/platform_check.php ( 0.90 KB )
    5. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/composer/ClassLoader.php ( 14.03 KB )
    6. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/composer/autoload_static.php ( 4.90 KB )
    7. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/helper.php ( 8.34 KB )
    8. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-validate/src/helper.php ( 2.19 KB )
    9. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/helper.php ( 1.47 KB )
    10. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/stubs/load_stubs.php ( 0.16 KB )
    11. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Exception.php ( 1.69 KB )
    12. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-container/src/Facade.php ( 2.71 KB )
    13. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/symfony/deprecation-contracts/function.php ( 0.99 KB )
    14. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/symfony/polyfill-mbstring/bootstrap.php ( 8.26 KB )
    15. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/symfony/polyfill-mbstring/bootstrap80.php ( 9.78 KB )
    16. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/symfony/var-dumper/Resources/functions/dump.php ( 1.49 KB )
    17. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-dumper/src/helper.php ( 0.18 KB )
    18. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/symfony/var-dumper/VarDumper.php ( 4.30 KB )
    19. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/App.php ( 15.30 KB )
    20. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-container/src/Container.php ( 15.76 KB )
    21. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/psr/container/src/ContainerInterface.php ( 1.02 KB )
    22. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/app/provider.php ( 0.19 KB )
    23. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Http.php ( 6.04 KB )
    24. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/helper/Str.php ( 7.29 KB )
    25. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Env.php ( 4.68 KB )
    26. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/app/common.php ( 0.03 KB )
    27. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/helper.php ( 18.78 KB )
    28. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Config.php ( 5.54 KB )
    29. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/app.php ( 0.95 KB )
    30. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/cache.php ( 0.78 KB )
    31. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/console.php ( 0.23 KB )
    32. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/cookie.php ( 0.56 KB )
    33. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/database.php ( 2.47 KB )
    34. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/facade/Env.php ( 1.67 KB )
    35. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/filesystem.php ( 0.61 KB )
    36. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/lang.php ( 0.91 KB )
    37. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/log.php ( 1.35 KB )
    38. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/middleware.php ( 0.19 KB )
    39. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/route.php ( 1.89 KB )
    40. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/session.php ( 0.57 KB )
    41. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/trace.php ( 0.34 KB )
    42. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/config/view.php ( 0.82 KB )
    43. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/app/event.php ( 0.25 KB )
    44. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Event.php ( 7.67 KB )
    45. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/app/service.php ( 0.13 KB )
    46. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/app/AppService.php ( 0.26 KB )
    47. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Service.php ( 1.64 KB )
    48. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Lang.php ( 7.35 KB )
    49. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/lang/zh-cn.php ( 13.70 KB )
    50. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/initializer/Error.php ( 3.31 KB )
    51. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/initializer/RegisterService.php ( 1.33 KB )
    52. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/services.php ( 0.14 KB )
    53. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/service/PaginatorService.php ( 1.52 KB )
    54. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/service/ValidateService.php ( 0.99 KB )
    55. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/service/ModelService.php ( 2.04 KB )
    56. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Service.php ( 0.77 KB )
    57. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Middleware.php ( 6.72 KB )
    58. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/initializer/BootService.php ( 0.77 KB )
    59. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/Paginator.php ( 11.86 KB )
    60. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-validate/src/Validate.php ( 63.20 KB )
    61. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/Model.php ( 23.55 KB )
    62. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/Attribute.php ( 21.05 KB )
    63. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/AutoWriteData.php ( 4.21 KB )
    64. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/Conversion.php ( 6.44 KB )
    65. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/DbConnect.php ( 5.16 KB )
    66. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/ModelEvent.php ( 2.33 KB )
    67. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/RelationShip.php ( 28.29 KB )
    68. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/contract/Arrayable.php ( 0.09 KB )
    69. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/contract/Jsonable.php ( 0.13 KB )
    70. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/contract/Modelable.php ( 0.09 KB )
    71. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Db.php ( 2.88 KB )
    72. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/DbManager.php ( 8.52 KB )
    73. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Log.php ( 6.28 KB )
    74. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Manager.php ( 3.92 KB )
    75. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/psr/log/src/LoggerTrait.php ( 2.69 KB )
    76. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/psr/log/src/LoggerInterface.php ( 2.71 KB )
    77. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Cache.php ( 4.92 KB )
    78. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/psr/simple-cache/src/CacheInterface.php ( 4.71 KB )
    79. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/helper/Arr.php ( 16.63 KB )
    80. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/cache/driver/File.php ( 7.84 KB )
    81. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/cache/Driver.php ( 9.03 KB )
    82. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/contract/CacheHandlerInterface.php ( 1.99 KB )
    83. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/app/Request.php ( 0.09 KB )
    84. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Request.php ( 55.78 KB )
    85. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/app/middleware.php ( 0.25 KB )
    86. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Pipeline.php ( 2.61 KB )
    87. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/TraceDebug.php ( 3.40 KB )
    88. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/middleware/SessionInit.php ( 1.94 KB )
    89. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Session.php ( 1.80 KB )
    90. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/session/driver/File.php ( 6.27 KB )
    91. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/contract/SessionHandlerInterface.php ( 0.87 KB )
    92. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/session/Store.php ( 7.12 KB )
    93. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Route.php ( 23.73 KB )
    94. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/RuleName.php ( 5.75 KB )
    95. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/Domain.php ( 2.53 KB )
    96. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/RuleGroup.php ( 22.43 KB )
    97. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/Rule.php ( 26.95 KB )
    98. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/RuleItem.php ( 9.78 KB )
    99. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/route/app.php ( 1.72 KB )
    100. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/facade/Route.php ( 4.70 KB )
    101. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/dispatch/Controller.php ( 4.74 KB )
    102. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/Dispatch.php ( 10.44 KB )
    103. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/app/controller/Index.php ( 4.81 KB )
    104. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/app/BaseController.php ( 2.05 KB )
    105. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/facade/Db.php ( 0.93 KB )
    106. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/connector/Mysql.php ( 5.44 KB )
    107. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/PDOConnection.php ( 52.47 KB )
    108. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/Connection.php ( 8.39 KB )
    109. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/ConnectionInterface.php ( 4.57 KB )
    110. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/builder/Mysql.php ( 16.58 KB )
    111. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/Builder.php ( 24.06 KB )
    112. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/BaseBuilder.php ( 27.50 KB )
    113. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/Query.php ( 15.71 KB )
    114. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/BaseQuery.php ( 45.13 KB )
    115. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/TimeFieldQuery.php ( 7.43 KB )
    116. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/AggregateQuery.php ( 3.26 KB )
    117. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/ModelRelationQuery.php ( 20.07 KB )
    118. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/ParamsBind.php ( 3.66 KB )
    119. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/ResultOperation.php ( 7.01 KB )
    120. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/WhereQuery.php ( 19.37 KB )
    121. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/JoinAndViewQuery.php ( 7.11 KB )
    122. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/TableFieldInfo.php ( 2.63 KB )
    123. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/Transaction.php ( 2.77 KB )
    124. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/log/driver/File.php ( 5.96 KB )
    125. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/contract/LogHandlerInterface.php ( 0.86 KB )
    126. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/log/Channel.php ( 3.89 KB )
    127. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/event/LogRecord.php ( 1.02 KB )
    128. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/Collection.php ( 16.47 KB )
    129. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/facade/View.php ( 1.70 KB )
    130. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/View.php ( 4.39 KB )
    131. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Response.php ( 8.81 KB )
    132. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/response/View.php ( 3.29 KB )
    133. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Cookie.php ( 6.06 KB )
    134. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-view/src/Think.php ( 8.38 KB )
    135. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/contract/TemplateHandlerInterface.php ( 1.60 KB )
    136. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/Template.php ( 46.61 KB )
    137. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/driver/File.php ( 2.41 KB )
    138. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/contract/DriverInterface.php ( 0.86 KB )
    139. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/runtime/temp/6d1a8693e7be9fc27468c2b3cb619697.php ( 11.95 KB )
    140. /wwwdata/wwwroot/h.460.net.cn/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Html.php ( 4.42 KB )
    1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000693s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=h460;charset=utf8mb4
    2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.001636s ]
    3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000338s ]
    4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000320s ]
    5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001111s ]
    6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000322s ]
    7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.001172s ]
    8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 477545 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000357s ]
    9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1788079889 WHERE `id` = 477545 [ RunTime:0.001530s ]
    10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 64 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000354s ]
    11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 477545 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000368s ]
    12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 477545 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000486s ]
    13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 477545 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000527s ]
    14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 477545 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.000762s ]
    15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 477545 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.000738s ]
    0.060285s